2.01 Controlled Random: Rests and Rhythm¶

Now we introduce random, starting with rests and rhythms. The random is controlled, by giving a selection of possibilities. The user defines how often each choice is selected.

from pyknon.genmidi import Midi
from pyknon.music import Rest, Note, NoteSeq
import numpy as np

Instruments: Available are at lest the 128 General-Midi (GM) Instruments. Depending on the sound-fonts there is a bigger choice. A list of the GM instruments can be found here. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_MIDI#Program_change_events Remember to subtract 1, as the list starts with 1 and not 0.

major = [0,2,4,5,7,9,11,12]
minor = [0,2,3,5,7,8,10,12]
ryt_1 = [1/4 + 1/8 ,1/8]
ryt_2 = [0.125,0.125,0.125, 0.125,0.125,0.125, 0.25,0.25,0.25,] # Rythem from west side Story: America
var   = np.array([1,2,-1])
var2  = np.array([0,2,-1])
var3  = np.array([0,-1,2])

def fade(start,end,steps):
    fade = np.around( np.linspace(start,end,num=steps))
    fade = fade.astype(int)
    return fade

tune_H: Rests are generated by setting the volume of the note to zero.

def tune_H():
    tune_name = 'tune_H'

    iscale = np.arange(1,9)   # index of a scale
    imelody = np.array([])    # creating index melody
    for i in iscale:                            # adding the Ornament on each note
        imelody = np.append(imelody, var + i)
    imelody = np.append(imelody, [5,3,1])
    imelody = imelody.astype(int)
    major2 = [-1]+major +[14,16]
    melody = [major2[i] for i in imelody] # creating the tune out of the index-tune
    melody_len = len(melody)

    volume= np.array([0, 110], dtype=int)       # this are the allowed volumes of thenotes
    prob_volume = np.array([1,3])            # this are the probabilities how often each volume will occure
    prob_volume = prob_volume/np.sum(prob_volume)
    volumes = np.r_[np.random.choice(volume, size=melody_len, p=prob_volume)]

    rythem = np.tile(ryt_2, 3)

    notes1 = NoteSeq( [Rest(0.5)] + [Note(no, octave=5, dur=du, volume=vo) for no,du,vo in zip(melody,rythem,volumes)] )
    instruments = [25]
    notes = [notes1]
    return notes, instruments,tune_name

tune_H

tune_I: The note-duration is defined by controlled random

def tune_I():
    tune_name = 'tune_I'

    iscale = np.arange(1,9)   # index of a scale
    imelody = np.array([])    # creating index melody
    for i in iscale:                            # adding the Ornament on each note
        imelody = np.append(imelody, var2 + i)
    imelody = np.append(imelody, [5,3,1])
    imelody = imelody.astype(int)
    major2 = [-1]+major +[14,16]
    melody = [major2[i] for i in imelody] # creating the tune out of the index-tune
    melody_len = len(melody)

    volume= np.array([0, 110], dtype=int)       # this are the allowed volumes of thenotes
    prob_volume = np.array([1,5])            # this are the probabilities how often each volume will occure
    prob_volume = prob_volume/np.sum(prob_volume)
    volumes = np.r_[np.random.choice(volume, size=melody_len, p=prob_volume)]


    duration= np.array([1/8, 1/4,1/2])              # this are the allowed durations of the notes
    prob_duration = np.array([4,2,1])            # this are the probabilities how often each will occure
    prob_duration = prob_duration/np.sum(prob_duration)
    rythem = np.r_[np.random.choice(duration, size=melody_len, p=prob_duration)]


    notes1 = NoteSeq( [Note(no+12, octave=5, dur=du, volume=vo) for no,du,vo in zip(melody,rythem,volumes)] )
    instruments = [68]
    notes = [notes1]
    return notes, instruments,tune_name

tune_I

tune_J: Creating two tracks with the same melody but different Rests and Rhythm

def ran_duration(duration, prob_duration, melody_len):
    duration= np.asarray(duration)                  # this are the allowed durations of the notes
    prob_duration = np.asarray(prob_duration)       # this are the probabilities how often each will occure
    prob_duration = prob_duration/np.sum(prob_duration)
    rythem = np.r_[np.random.choice(duration, size=melody_len, p=prob_duration)]
    return rythem

def ran_volume(volume, prob_volume, melody_len):
    volume = np.asarray(volume, dtype=int)         # this are the allowed volumes of thenotes
    prob_volume = np.asarray(prob_volume)          # this are the probabilities how often each volume will occure
    prob_volume = prob_volume/np.sum(prob_volume)
    volumes = np.r_[np.random.choice(volume, size=melody_len, p=prob_volume)]
    return volumes


def tune_J():
    tune_name = 'tune_J'

    iscale = np.arange(1,9)   # index of a scale
    imelody = np.array([])    # creating index melody
    for i in iscale:                            # adding the Ornament on each note
        imelody = np.append(imelody, var3 + i)
    imelody = np.append(imelody, [5,3,1])
    imelody = imelody.astype(int)
    major2 = [-1]+major +[14,16]
    melody = [major2[i] for i in imelody] # creating the tune out of the index-tune
    melody_len = len(melody)

    rythem1 = ran_duration([1/8, 1/4,1/2], [4,2,1], melody_len)
    rythem2 = ran_duration([1/8, 1/4,1/2], [4,2,1], melody_len)
    volumes1 = ran_volume([0,100], [1,4], melody_len )
    volumes2 = ran_volume([0,120], [1,4], melody_len )

    notes1 = NoteSeq( [Note(no+4,octave=5, dur=du, volume=vo) for no,du,vo in zip(melody,rythem1,volumes1)] )
    notes2 = NoteSeq( [Note(no-8,  octave=5, dur=du, volume=vo) for no,du,vo in zip(melody,rythem2,volumes2)] )
    instruments = [56, 58]
    notes = [notes1,notes2]
    return notes, instruments,tune_name

tune_J

def gen_midi():
#     squezze into a MIDI framework
    notes, instruments, tune_name = tune_I() #  <--- select a tune  <<--     <<<<<<<<<--- select a tune -----
    nTracks = len(notes)

    m = Midi(number_tracks=nTracks, tempo=120, instrument=instruments)
    for iTrack in range(nTracks):
        m.seq_notes(notes[iTrack], track=iTrack)

    #--- write the MIDI file -----
    midi_file_name = tune_name +'.mid'   # set the name of the file
    m.write(midi_file_name)
    return midi_file_name

Midi: Play and Generate audio-file¶

Externel players offered a better sound quality in comparison with python liaberys. We use VLC and Musescore

import subprocess
default_soundfont = '/usr/share/sounds/sf3/MuseScore_General.sf3'

def midi_play(midi_in, soundfont= default_soundfont):
    subprocess.call(['cvlc', midi_in , 'vlc://quit'])   # cvlc = vlc without gui

def midi_audio(midi_in, name_out = 'none', soundfont= default_soundfont):
    if name_out == 'none' :
        name_out = midi_in.replace('.mid', '.flac')
    else:
        name_out = name_out + '.flac'
    subprocess.call(['mscore', '-o', name_out, midi_in]) # -o = export as

def midi_png(midi_in, name_out = 'none'):
    if name_out == 'none' :
        name_out = midi_in.replace('.mid', '.png')
    else:
        name_out = name_out + '.png'
    subprocess.call(['mscore', '-o', name_out, '-T', '2', midi_in]) # -o = export as , -T 0 = cut page with 0 pixel

######---  Main  ---######
midi_file_name = gen_midi()

midi_play(midi_file_name)
#midi_audio(midi_file_name)
#midi_png(midi_file_name)

2.01 Controlled Random: Rests and Rhythm¶

Midi: Play and Generate audio-file¶

Music-Generation

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