1.06 Rhythm, Volumes and Ornaments
==================================
Integrating the **dur** and **volume** arguments of the **Note()**
function.
Adding **Ornaments** to the melody. The same Ornament appears on each
note. When a Melodic pattern is used several times on a different hight,
it's called a Sequence.
.. code:: python3
from pyknon.genmidi import Midi
from pyknon.music import Rest, Note, NoteSeq
import numpy as np
Pyknon
------
There exist two different notations one with the **Note()** function and
in a simplified **plain text** version
**Note(value , octave , dur , volume)**
- value: integer, note hight in semitones, 0 = middle C = midi 60
- octave: octave number
- dur: duration, 0.25 = quarter note
- volume: from 1 to 127
**Instruments:** Available are at lest the 128 General-Midi (GM)
Instruments. Depending on the sound-fonts there is a bigger choice. A
list of the GM instruments can be found here.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General\_MIDI#Program\_change\_events
Remember to subtract 1, as the list starts with 1 and not 0.
.. code:: python3
major = [0,2,4,5,7,9,11,12]
minor = [0,2,3,5,7,8,10,12]
ryt_1 = [1/4 + 1/8 ,1/8]
ryt_2 = [0.125,0.125,0.125, 0.125,0.125,0.125, 0.25,0.25,0.25,] # Rythem from west side Story: America
var = np.array([-1,0,2])
def fade(start,end,steps):
fade = np.around( np.linspace(start,end,num=steps))
fade = fade.astype(int)
return fade
# tune_E with difrent instruments, and fading de volume
def tune_F():
tune_name = 'tune_F' # somtimes forming diatonic chords
major2 = major[:-1] + major[::-1] # cut last element and reverse
volumes = np.r_[ fade(30,110,8), fade(103,60,7)] # creat volume track
rythem = np.r_[ np.tile(ryt_1, 7), [0.5]]
notes1 = NoteSeq( [Note(no-12, octave=5, dur=du, volume=vo) for no,du,vo in zip(major2,rythem,volumes)] ) # -12 = an octave deeper
notes2 = NoteSeq( [Rest(0.5)] + [Note(no, octave=5, dur=du, volume=vo) for no,du,vo in zip(major2,rythem,volumes)] )
notes3 = NoteSeq( [Rest(1)] + [Note(no, octave=5, dur=du, volume=vo) for no,du,vo in zip(major2,rythem,volumes)] )
notes = [notes1, notes2, notes3]
instruments = [33, 56, 21]
return notes, instruments,tune_name
**tune\_G**
- Not anymore using the scale directly. First creating an Index-Tune
which is then converted with a scale in to the tune with the notes.
- adding an Ornament on each note of the scale. (Sequencing)
- Using a rhythmic-pattern instead of just quarter-notes.
.. code:: python3
def tune_G():
tune_name = 'tune_G' # ryt_2
iscale = np.arange(1,9) # index of a scale
imelody = np.array([]) # creating index melody
for i in iscale: # adding the Ornament on each note
imelody = np.append(imelody, var + i)
imelody = np.append(imelody, [5,3,1])
imelody = imelody.astype(int)
major2 = [-1]+major +[14,16]
melody = [major2[i] for i in imelody] # creating the tune out of the index-tune
rythem = np.tile(ryt_2, 3)
volumes = np.int_(np.zeros(len(melody)) +100)
notes1 = NoteSeq( [Rest(0.5)] + [Note(no, octave=5, dur=du, volume=vo) for no,du,vo in zip(melody,rythem,volumes)] )
instruments = [66]
notes = [notes1]
return notes, instruments,tune_name
.. code:: python3
def gen_midi():
# squezze into a MIDI framework
notes, instruments, tune_name = tune_G() # <--- select a tune <<-- <<<<<<<<<--- select a tune -----
nTracks = len(notes)
m = Midi(number_tracks=nTracks, tempo=120, instrument=instruments)
for iTrack in range(nTracks):
m.seq_notes(notes[iTrack], track=iTrack)
#--- write the MIDI file -----
midi_file_name = tune_name +'.mid' # set the name of the file
m.write(midi_file_name)
return midi_file_name
Midi: Play and Generate audio-file
----------------------------------
External players offered a better sound quality in comparison with
python libraries. We use **VLC** and **Musescore**
.. code:: python3
import subprocess
default_soundfont = '/usr/share/sounds/sf3/MuseScore_General.sf3'
def midi_play(midi_in, soundfont= default_soundfont):
subprocess.call(['cvlc', midi_in , 'vlc://quit']) # cvlc = vlc without gui
def midi_audio(midi_in, name_out = 'none', soundfont= default_soundfont):
if name_out == 'none' :
name_out = midi_in.replace('.mid', '.flac')
else:
name_out = name_out + '.flac'
subprocess.call(['mscore', '-o', name_out, midi_in]) # -o = export as
def midi_png(midi_in, name_out = 'none'):
if name_out == 'none' :
name_out = midi_in.replace('.mid', '.png')
else:
name_out = name_out + '.png'
subprocess.call(['mscore', '-o', name_out, '-T', '2', midi_in]) # -o = export as , -T 0 = cut page with 0 pixel
.. code:: python3
######--- Main ---######
midi_file_name = gen_midi()
midi_play(midi_file_name)
#midi_audio(midi_file_name)
#midi_png(midi_file_name)
.. raw:: html
tune_F
tune_F
tune_G
tune_G (the saxophone is a transposing instrument)
Unfortunately I couldn't print it as 6/8 time signature, as it should be.
tune_F
tune_G (the saxophone is a transposing instrument)
Unfortunately I couldn't print it as 6/8 time signature, as it should be.